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1. What is Natural Gas?
Natural gas consists mainly of methane [CH4]. Most natural
gas is produced as a byproduct of oil production, and is associated
with fossil fuels in coal beds. Methane derived by the anaerobic
decay of non-fossil organic matter is referred to as biogas.
Because methane is odorless, an odorant is added to help with
leak detection.
2. What is Compressed Natural Gas?
CNG is derived by compressing natural gas to less than 1%
of its volume at standard atmospheric pressure.
It is stored and distributed in seamless cylindrical containers,
at pressures typically ranging between 200
and 250 bar. This is done to maximise the amount of stored
energy per container.
3. Is Natural gas environmentally friendly?
Although its combustion does produce greenhouse gases, CNG
produces significantly lesser emissions like carbon dioxide
(CO2), hydrocarbons(UHC), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides
(NOx), and sulfur oxides (SOx), as compared to petrol. Switching
to CNG will definitely help mitigate greenhouse gas emissions.
4. How safe is Compressed Natural Gas?
Compressed Natural Gas is considered very safe. It is lighter
than air causing it to disperse into the atmosphere. CNG is
less likely to auto-ignite, since it has a high auto-ignition
temperature (540 °C)
and a narrow range (5%-15%) of inflammability.
5. Why use Natural Gas?
Natural Gas is considered a viable alternative fuel source.
Natural gas is non-toxic and emits much lower quantities of
pollutants. CNG-powered vehicles have less maintenance costs
due to the absence of any
lead or benzene content fouling the spark plugs and the increased
life of the lubricating oils as CNG does
not contaminate and dilute the crankcase oil. CNG fuel systems
are sealed, which will prevent any spill, evaporation losses
or theft.
6. How is CNG measured?
Natural Gas is measured in cubic meters and Gigajoule.
7. Is this technology used elsewhere?
The use of CNG for vehicles started in the 1930s. Currently
there are about 10 million vehicles using this technology
worldwide. South Asia is the largest user of CNG for vehicles,
with Argentina and Brazil having
the largest fleets, with a combined total of more than 3 million.
Italy currently is the largest in Europe for vehicles in circulation.
In India, a court order requires all commercial vehicles including
trucks, buses and
taxis to run on CNG.
8. How do vehicles run on CNG?
Standard gasoline vehicles are retrofitted in specialized
workshops to run on both petrol and CNG. It involves installing
a seamless gas cylinder in the trunk of the vehicle and the
CNG injection system in the engine compartment. There are
currently dedicated CNG vehicles produced in the USA for their
CNG market.
9. Can any car be converted?
Petrol and LPG vehicles can be converted with no technical
problems. Diesel vehicles can be converted but it is not recommended.
10. What is a Virtual pipe line?
A virtual pipe line is the collective term for the
system and equipment used to supply CNG to customers who do
not have access to the existing gas pipeline. It consists
of MAT modules transported from the point of supply on the
existing pipeline to the industrial customers using CNG as
their fuel source.
11. What is a MAT?
A MAT is a modular "battery" of seamless cylinders
interconnected with each other to produce a collective capacity
of approximately 1500 m3. A trailer truck can carry up to
four MAT modules, with each fully loaded module weighing about
7,000 kg.
12. What is a Mother station?
A Mother station is the collective term for the system
and equipment used at the premises where the natural gas is
drawn down, compressed and contained in the MAT's, ready for
transport to the Daughter station or
point of use.
13. What is a Daughter station?
A Daughter station is the collective term for the system
and equipment used at the premises where the MAT's are delivered
and the CNG consumed. This can be a gas filling station, industrial
smelters, furnaces, boilers or any other industrial application.
14. What is a SCADA control system?
The SCADA is a Distance Control System which allows the monitoring
of different variables at point of use. This system ensures
that the levels of gas consumption, gas availability and other
statistics are communicated to the supply station, ensuring
a continued and uninterrupted supply of CNG to the point of
use.
15. Do you have any other question?
Please contact us on sales@cngtechnologies.co.za.
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